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Due to the increase in tick resistance against acaricides (a substance poisonous to ticks), more research is being conducted to look for alternative / natural products that can assist with tick control.

  1. In the Eastern Cape province (SA) resistance of Asian blue ticks was observed against Amitraz, Cypermethrin and Chlorfenvinphos (Ntondini et al., 2008).
  2. A review on natural acaricides reported that globally, more than 200 plant species with tick repelling or killing properties are known (Quadros et al., 2020).
  3. Mgocheki (2017) conducted a field experiment where 25 cattle were infested with Asian and African blue ticks. Cattle were sprayed with aqueous garlic extract. The number of attached ticks were reduced by 94% and 99%. 
  4. Feeding beef cattle a garlic/sulphur-containing product in their diet lead to a significant decrease in the number (66.8%, P<0.05), weight (21.6%, P<0.05) and oviposition (12%; p<0.05) of engorged female Asian Blue ticks (Costa-Junio & Furlong, 2012).
  5. A combination of garlic oil and cinnamaldehyde was supplemented via feed to beef cattle on pasture. This combination reduced the number of horn flies on the cattle (Moriel et al., 2017).
  6. Asian blue ticks were treated with garlic extract. At 100 mg garlic extract/ml, the adult tick mortality was 73% and inhibition of egg production was 85%. Larvae mortalities were 69% (Shyma et al., 2015). 
  7. Aboelhadid et al. (2013) investigated the acaricidal effect of garlic and onion oils on different stages of the blue tick. The 5, 10 and 20% garlic oil killed all adult ticks and larvae within 24h. 
  8. Immersing engorged female blue ticks in lavender essential oil solutions resulted in strong acaricidal effects against blue ticks. The mortality rate of ticks was dose-dependent (Pirali-Kheirabadi and da Silva, 2010). 
  9. Lippia javanica (Fever tea / Lemoenbossie) aqueous leaf extracts sprayed onto cattle significantly reduced the number of attached ticks (Madzimure et al., 2011).
  10. Essential oils extracted from cumin seeds and allspice berries resulted in a 100% tick larvae mortality when larvae were exposed to different concentrations (Martinez-Velazquez et al., 2011).
  11. The acaricidal activity of oleoresin extract from the copaiba tree was investigated by Fernandes et al. (2007). Exposing Asian blue tick larvae to copaiba oleoresin mixed with water and dimethylsulfoxide increased larvae mortality up to 100%. 
  12. Solutions made of the roots of Dahlstedtia pentaphylla plant were tested against Asian blue ticks. Spraying the solution onto ticks resulted in a 76% reduction in ticks within 3 days after application (Pereira and Famadas, 2006).

 

From the different publications cited here, it is clear that garlic has anti-tick properties, both when applied on the animal, as well as supplemented via the feed. The use of natural compounds as tick control products seems to be a viable alternative to the current tick products that is used in the industry. 

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